![]() ![]() Second story with recessed porches and balconies.Later Spanish Colonial homes had more elaborate features, such as: Wooden or wrought iron bars across the windows.Small windows, originally without glass.Thick walls made with rocks, coquina, or adobe brick coated with stucco.Earth, thatch, or clay tile roof covering. ![]() Located in the American South, Southwest, and California.Settling in Florida, California, and the American Southwest, settlers from Spain and Mexico built homes with many of these features: Settlers in the Spanish territories of North America built simple, low homes made using rocks, adobe brick, coquina, or stucco. Augustine is the oldest surviving Spanish Colonial home in Florida. Oldest European Homes in the American Colonies The González-Alvarez House in St. Tidewater houses are also called "Low Country" houses.Ĭomparing these house styles, French Colonial and Tidewater, along with the neoclassical Tidewater home, is a good lesson in how architecture develops over time and place. Although we can suspect that design ideas were borrowed from each other, "French Colonial" describes the inhabitants whereas "Tidewater" describes the low-lying land affected by high tides. was settled by Europeans of English descent, so the Tidewater house style could not be called "French." The hot and wet environmental conditions of both southern regions created the independent need for similar designs. Note that these features also describe the French Colonial houses found in Louisiana and the Mississippi River valley, where Europeans from France settled by way of Canada. Usually located near water, especially the coastal regions of the American south.The roof is often (although not always) hipped.The porch often surrounds the entire house.Two stories with porches on both levels.Lower level elevated on stilts or pilings.Features of the Tidewater House Style include: The roof extends over the porches without interruption. Tidewater homes have large porches (or "galleries") sheltered by a broad roof. Look past the vinyl siding, and you may see a fanlight or the elegant arch of a Palladian window.īuilt-in coastal areas of the American South, these homes were designed for wet, hot climates. However, Federalist details are often incorporated into modern American homes. The White House in Washington, DC, began as a Georgian, and later took on a Federalist flavor as architects added an elliptical portico and other Neoclassical embellishments.įederalist architecture was the favored style in the United States from about 1780 until the 1830s. The difference is in the details: While Georgian homes are square and angular, a Federal-style building is more likely to have curved lines and decorative flourishes. It's easy to confuse Federalist architecture with the earlier Georgian Colonial style. These architects are known for their Federalist buildings: Tooth-like dentil moldings in the cornice.Decorative crown or roof over the front door.Narrow side windows flanking the front door.Semicircular fanlight over the front door.Windows arranged symmetrically around a center doorway.Low-pitched roof, or flat roof with a balustrade.American Federal houses have many of these features: Graceful details distinguish Federal homes from the pragmatic Georgian Colonial style. This new Federal-style became associated with America's evolving national identity. Inspired by the work of the Adam brothers and also by the great temples of ancient Greece and Rome, Americans began to build homes with Palladian windows, circular or elliptical windows, recessed wall arches, and oval-shaped rooms. In the newly formed United States, homes and public buildings also took on graceful airs. Three Scottish brothers named Adam adapted the pragmatic Georgian style, adding swags, garlands, urns, and Neoclassical details. Like much of America's architecture, the Federal (or Federalist) style has its roots in the British Isles. Dentil molding (square, tooth-like cuts) along the eaves.9 or 12 small window panes in each window sash.America's Georgian homes tend to be less ornate than those found in Britain. More humble dwellings also took on characteristics of the Georgian style. Georgian ideals came to New England via pattern books, and Georgian styling became a favorite of well-to-do colonists. During the reign of King George I in the early 1700s and King George III later in the century, Britons drew inspiration from the Italian Renaissance and from ancient Greece and Rome. But the genesis of the style goes back much farther. ![]() Stately and symmetrical, these homes imitated the larger, more elaborate Georgian homes which were being built in England. Georgian Colonial became the rave in New England and the Southern colonies during the 1700s. Spacious and comfortable, Georgian Colonial architecture reflected the rising ambition of a new country. ![]()
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